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Common cow wheat (Melampyrum pratense)

This grows in profusion beneath the young oaks in Pengelli Forest. It is a plant of old woodland and acidic soil, without a high profile for all it makes for a delightful spread on the woodland floor with its delicate yellow flowers. It is partially parasitic on woody hosts and is the food plant of the rare marsh fritillary butterfly. This plant also has an interesting relationship with ants. It produces a sugary liquid from small glands under its petals, which wood ants feed on. Its seeds have evolved to mimic the cocoons of wood ants, which are crucial in their dispersal, transporting the seeds into their nests.
Apparently cows like it although, despite its specific name pratense, it is not a meadow plant.
No medicinal use it seems but once recommended for women desirous of male offspring.