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The New English Chapel, popularly known as the 'Cowgate Chapel', was an Episcopal church built between 1771 and 1774. For the 18th-century historian, Hugo Arnot, its appearance marked a break with the city's strong Presbyterian past. It became a Roman Catholic Church in 1856.

"This [church] deserves to be considered as a mark of increasing moderation and liberality among the generality of the people. Not many years ago, that form of worship, in all its ceremonies, would not have been tolerated. The organ and the paintings would have been downright idolatry, and the chapel would have fallen a sacrifice to the fury of the mob." -- H Arnot, The History of Edinburgh, 1779

This was not the church to attend if you were a true Scottish patriot.

"Mary went to Mr. Alison's Chapel with my Uncle and Eli, Mr. Hamilton and Manie. He gave a shameful sermon—every word 'the King'—and said a great deal about the honour His Majesty [King George IV] did us in visiting this barren land and inclement clime, where the rays of the sun were never seen to penetrate, cheering the poor (at the moment he spoke, every one was overcome with heat!) He also said something about our being 'nobodies' till our union with a BRAVER nation! Imagine the offence and disgust such a discourse has given and produced, coming too, from a man who, arriving here a stranger, has been living amongst us for so many years, well treated and well thought of." -- Jane Grant of Rothiemurchus (aged 22), Sunday, 18th August, 1822