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Porteous plaque, Grassmarket

Site of the lynching of Captain Porteous in the so-called 'Porteous Riot' of 1736, which forms the central episode in Walter Scott's novel, 'Heart of Midlothian'. The background was popular anger with the economic effects of the Union which had destroyed Scotland's trade with France and had imposed various duties, especially a malt tax in 1725 which drove up the price of ale. Porteous, Captain of the Town Guard, ordered his men to fire on an angry crowd when they were pelted with stones at the execution of a popular smuggler in the Grassmarket. Nine spectators were killed, including a boy watching from a high window. Found guilty, Porteous was sentenced to be hanged and was imprisoned in the Tolbooth. Queen Caroline, acting for George II who was in Hanover, granted a stay of execution. However, the mob took its revenge by breaking into the Tolbooth and dragging Porteous to the Grassmarket where he was lynched on the pole of a dyer's premises directly adjacent to the site of the gallows. On the way, they broke into a booth at the foot of the West Bow to procure a length of rope, leaving behind a guinea in payment on the counter. The Provost and four bailies, deemed negligent for failing to alert the Castle garrison, were summoned to appear before the House of Lords, resulting in the town being fined £2,000 for the support of Porteous' widow. An Act requiring ministers of the gospel to demand the killers give themselves up and threaten severe penalties on those shielding them was widely seen as an abuse of the Kirk and ignored. The perpetrators were never caught. Porteous was buried in Greyfriars, his grave marked by a post inscribed P.1736. In 1973, a biographer paid for a new headstone with the words, "John Porteous, a Captain of the Edinburgh City Guard, murdered 7 September 1736 - All passion spent".

NT2573 : Grave of Captain John Porteous, Greyfriars Kirkyard

"[James Burnett, Lord Monboddo] first arrived in Edinburgh on the forenoon of the day which terminated with the public murder of Captain Porteous; and it is said that when about to retire to rest, the tumult in the street attracted him to the door, half-undressed. He got entangled in the crowd of passers-by, and hurried along to the Grassmarket, where he was a witness to the last act of the tragedy. Conceiving this to be the normal condition of things in the city, as he lay sleepless through the night, he seriously contemplated leaving Edinburgh forthwith, as a place unfit for a civilised being to live in." -- Wilmot Harrison, Memorable Edinburgh Houses, 1893

See also NT2673 : Uniform of the Edinburgh Town Guard