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The American Monument was erected in 1920 by the American Red Cross to commemorate the lives of American soldiers and sailors lost in two separate tragedies off the coast of Islay during the First World War. In February 1918 the Tuscania was en route to France when she was torpedoed by a German U-Boat and sank 7 miles off the Mull of Oa. Later that year in October the Otranto foundered on the coast near Machir Bay after colliding with the Kashmir during a heavy storm. Over 600 lives were lost in the two separate disasters.