2020

NZ1265 : Hemlock Water Dropwort (Oenanthe crocata), Tyne Riverside

taken 6 years ago, near to Wylam, Northumberland, England

Hemlock Water Dropwort (Oenanthe crocata), Tyne Riverside
Hemlock Water Dropwort (Oenanthe crocata), Tyne Riverside
A very large and locally common waterside plant with large almost spherical umbels of white flowers NZ1265 : Hemlock Water Dropwort (Oenanthe crocata), Tyne Riverside. All parts of hemlock water-dropwort are potentially deadly and several deaths have been caused when it has been collected and eaten in mistake for Wild Celery (Apium graveolens) or Water Parsnip (Sium latifolium). The tubers, stems, and leaves contain oenanthotoxin, a highly unsaturated higher alcohol, which is known to be poisonous and a powerful convulsant. The tubers are known as 'Dead Man's Fingers'.

The poisoning of a group of individuals who consumed parts of the tubers of this plant in a curry, while on holiday in Argyll, can be read here:
Downs C, Phillips J, Ranger A, et al. (2002). A hemlock water dropwort curry: a case of multiple poisoning. Emergency Medicine Journal 19:472-473 LinkExternal link (Archive LinkExternal link ) Archive LinkExternal link (Archive LinkExternal link )
Wildflower Finder: LinkExternal link Archive LinkExternal link
Close House Riverside Nature Reserve :: NZ1264

A nature reserve managed by Northumberland Wildlife Trust. The area contains calaminarian grassland which is on the river Tyne floodplain; these types of grassland are rare habitats only found in areas where there are high concentrations of heavy metals.
Northumberland Wildlife Trust: LinkExternal link

"Close House Riverside is one of a series of sites in the Tyne and Allen river system where alluvial deposits, contaminated by heavy metals derived from the North Pennine Orefield upstream, support an unusual community of metal-tolerant plants.This site, on the tidal reach of the River Tyne, is the lowest point at which this metalliferous habitat is represented and furthest from the sources of metal contamination. The unusual plant community is less well developed here than at other sites further upstream, perhaps reflecting the dilution of metal content by uncontaminated sediment, but this site is nevertheless important as part of the sequence of sites along the river system. These metalliferous deposits form soils hostile to plant growth due to the toxic effects of the constituent metals. The unusual community at this site includes alpine penny-cress (Thlaspi alpestre), thrift (Armeria maritime) and mountain pansy (Viola lutea) with meadow oat-grass (Avenula pratensis), harebell (Campanula rotundifolia), common bird’s-foot trefoil (Lotus corniculatus) and wood sage (Teucrium scorodonia). The dominant species are however grasses, including common bent (Agrostis capillaries) and red fescue (Festuca rubra) in areas of metal contamination, and false oat-grass (Arrhenatherum elatius), cock’s-foot (Dactylis glomerata) and Yorkshire fog (Holcus lanatus) elsewhere. Woodland developed on the river deposits includes willows (Salix spp.), alder (Alnus glutinosa), downy birch (Betula pubescens), ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and sycamore (Acer pseudoplatanus). The ground flora is diverse and includes narrow-lipped helleborine (Epipactis leptochila) which is characteristic of woodlands on metal-contaminated sites in the Tyne system, hemlock water-dropwort (Oenanthe crocata), yellow loosestrife (Lysimachia vulgaris), butterbur (Petasites hybridus) and giant bellflower (Campanula latifolia)."
SSSI Notification (1988): Archive LinkExternal link


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NZ1265, 169 images   (more nearby 🔍)
Photographer
Andrew Curtis   (more nearby)
Date Taken
Friday, 26 June, 2020   (more nearby)
Submitted
Sunday, 28 June, 2020
Subject Location
OSGB36: geotagged! NZ 1294 6509 [10m precision]
WGS84: 54:58.8149N 1:47.9610W
Camera Location
OSGB36: geotagged! NZ 12943 65091
View Direction
NORTH (about 0 degrees)
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Image Type (about): close look 
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